Ernest ii



E. H. VOGEL. GHUGK.

(No Model.)

No. 573,189) L v Patented Deo. 15, 1896.

jf "A TTUH/VEYS- www UNITED STATES PATENT OEErcE.

ERNEST H. VOGEL, OF NET YORK, N. Y.

CHUCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 573,189, dated December 15, 1896. Application filed February 11l 1896. Serial No. 578,829. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it mrtg/concern.-

Be it known that I, ERNEST Il. VOGEL, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Chucks, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to certain iinprovements in chucks of that class which can be set or unset without the use of a wrench and in which the jaws are guided in inclined grooves of a conical center piece in forward or backward direction and applied to the tool to be held by a primary setting action and retained thereon by a inal setting action; and the invention consists of a chuck which comprises jaws guided in inclined grooves of the supporting center piece, an exterior conical sleeve that engages by an interior screwthread lugs on the jaws, an axially-turning handle-ring engaging the cylindrical rear portion of the sleeve, spring-cushioned blocks arranged in recesses of the handle-ring and a shoulder of the rear portion of the conical sleeve, inclined cam-faces on the shoulders of the rear portion of the conical sleeve and of the handle-ring, and a pawl-and-ratchet mechanism interposed between the handlering, sleeve, and the center piece, so as to produce the locking of the sleeve after the final adjustment of the jaws has been accomplished, as will be fully described hereinafter, and iinally pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying` drawings, Figure l represents a side elevation of my improved chuck. Fig. 2 is an end view of the same, partlyT in vert-ical transverse section, on `line 2 2, Figs. l and 3. Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal section of the chuck on line 3 3, Fig. 2. Figs. 4 and 5 are vertical transverse sections on line 4 4, Fig. 3, showing the parts in position respectively before and after the final setting action is imparted to the jaws. Fig. (i is a vertical longitudinal section of the chuck, showing the position ofthe part-s after the final setting action of the jaws; and Fig. 7 is a vertical transverse section on line 7 7, Fig. 6.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

Referringto the drawings, A represents the centerpiece, and B B the jaws, of myimproved chuck.A The clamping-faces of the jaws B B are arranged parallel with the axis of the chuck, while the shank portions are arranged at an angle of inclination toward said axis and guided in correspondingly-inclined grooves of the conical end of the center piece A. A guide-cone C is attached by screws d d to the front end of the center piece A, as shown clearly in Figs, 2 and 3. Each jaw B is provided at its rear end with a lug b, which forms a portion of a screw-thread and which is engaged by the interior spiral groove b of a conical sleeve D, that extends by a flange d at its front end over the stationary guide-cone C, as shown in Figs. 3 and G. The rear portion D of the conical sleeve D is made cylindrical, said cylindrical por tion D' being provided with an interior collar d2, having a semicircular groove he center piece A is provided with recesses d3, in which are arranged spring-cushioned blocks d", that are provided with shoulders d5, that abut against a shoulder d of the col* lar CZ2 of the cylindrical portion of the sleeve D. A second set of blocks f i is arranged in line with the blocks d* in the recess CZSof the center piece, said blocks (Z4 and d being provided in their adjacent portions with sockets, in which helical cushioning-springs di are placed, by which the blocks are forced in opposite direction to each other. A handle-ring E is guided on a lixed collar a of the center piece A and on the rear portion D of the sleeve D and provided with an interior stepshaped collare, against the innermost step of which the exterior shoulders of the block d6 abut, so that said blocks dG are engaged by the handle-ring E inthe same manner as the blocks d4 by the cylindrical portion of the sleeve D. The collar ct on the center piece A serves to guide the handle-ring E in its rnotion around the axis of the chuck. The rear end of the shoulder d2 of the cylindrical portion D of the sleeve D is provided with inclined cani-,faces f, which are located opposite to corresponding cam-faces f' on the collar e of the handle-ring E, as shown in Fig. 7. Between the two cam-facesff' of the collar 'cl2 of the sleeve D and collar e of the handle-ring E are interposed antifriction-balls g, by which the'friction between the cam-faces ff is reduced. The handle-ring E is pro- IOO Vcam-faces, is provided.

vided at one .point of its circumference with an inwardly-projecting lug c', which is located in line with a recess e2 at the circumference of the inner end of the cylindrical portion D'. The cylindrical portion D is further provided adjacent to the recess e2 with a recess h, in which is located a steel spring h, of approximately U shape, the outermost ends of which are retained in elongations h2 of the recess h, while the inner leg of the U-shaped spring h is made in the shape of a spring-pawl h, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5. The shank of the spring h is provided with an outwardly-projectin g portion h4, which enters into a notch h5 of the handle-ring E, as shown in Fig 4. In this position of the spring h' the springpawl h3 of the same does not project beyond the recess h in the cylindrical portion D. As soon, however, as the handle-ring E is turned and its lug e' moved out of (the lug e) the recess e2 of the cylindrical portion D into the semicircular recess e3, (shown in Fig. 5,) the projection h4 is made to clear the notch h5 on the handle-ring E, so that the spring-pawl h3 of the spring h is forced inwardly, as shown in Fig. 5,and placed into engagement with ratchet-teeth h on the circumference of the center piece A and spring-blocks d4, holding thereby the sleeve D in the position to which it has been set, so as to prevent the return motion of the same.

The chuck is operated as follows: The jaws are opened to a sufeient extent by turning the handle-ring E in one direction until the shank of the tool to be clamped can beinserted into the jaws B. The handle-ring E is then turned in the opposite direction, the conical sleeve D being carried along with it by the action of the lug c on the recess e in the cylindrical portion D of the sleeve D. By the turning action of the sleeve D the interior spiral grooves b of the same engage the lugs b at the rear ends ofthe jaws B and move the latter forward in the inclined guidegrooves of the center piece A and along the guide-cone C until the straight faces of the jaws take hold of the tool and clamp it firmly in position. rl`he axially-turning motion of the handle-ring 'E is then continued in the same direction, and thereby the cylindrical portion D of the sleeve D shifted slightly in backward direction by the lug c as the same is moved into the recess c3 of the cylindrical portion D, so that the contact of the inclined cam-faces ff of the collars d2 ande with the antifriction-balls g, interposed between said The spring cushioned blocks dVL are simultaneously moved toward the blocks e, and the iinal setting of the jaws to the tool to be clamped is accom plished. Simultaneouslytherewiththe notch lf of the handle-ring E is moved out of engagement. with the projection 7L of the spring t, so that the spring-pawl h3 is forced to engage the ratchet-teeth on the circumference of the center piece A and spring-blocks d* and to lock thereby the sleeve D rmly in position against being turned in the opposite direction by the back pressure of the jaws. The movement of the lugs e into the circumferential recess e3 of the cylindrical portion D is accompanied by a distinct clickduc to the action of the spring h and its pawl h3, which indicates that after the preliminary setting action of the jaws the final setting of the same to the tool to be clamped has commenced, which is then completed by continuing the turning of the handle-ring E as far as the antifriction-balls g and cam-faces fj on the collars d2 and e ofthe rear portion D and handle-ring E will permit.

When it is desired to release the tool to be clamped, the handle-ring E is iirst turned in opposite direction until its notch h5 arrives at the projection h4 of the spring h and its lug es in line with the recess c2 of the cylindrical portion D. l/Vhen the handle-ringis in this position, the projection h4 of the spring h' rengages immediately the notch h5, while the spring-pawl h3 is Withdrawn from the ratchet-teeth on the center piece A and blocks d4 of the sleeve D. As soon as the lug c' of the handle-ring E is in line with the recess e2 of the cylindrical portion D of the sleeve D the sleeve D is moved, under the influence of the helical cushionin g-sprin gs dT of the blocks d d4, in forward direction, so as to bring the lug e into the position shown in Fig. 3, so that it rengages the end shoulders of the recess ei, in which position of the lug e the handle-ring E takes the sleeve D along, so as to produce t-he inward motion of the jaws and the release of the tool. By the described connection of the sleeve D and handle-ring E a continuous turning motion of the latter in one or the opposite direction produces the motion of the jaws into the required direction, so as to clamp or release the tool.

The advantages of my chuck are:

First, that after the preliminary clamping of the tool by the jaws is accomplished the final clamping of the same is obtained and simultaneously therewith the rigid lookin g of the parts, so that the jaws are prevented from releasing the tool.

Second, the motion by which the jaws are set is accomplished by turning the actuating handle-ring in the same direction both for the preliminary and for the final setting ofthe jaws.

Third, the operation of the parts takes place easily and entirely automatically, and especially the final setting of the jaws, owing to the antifriction-balls interposed between the canrfaces of the handle-ring and the cylindrical portion of the jaw-operating sleeve.

Fourth, the chuck can be operated entirely by hand without requiring a wrench for the final setting of the jaws, which in my improved chuck is produced by the final turning of the handle-ring and the locking of the sleeve to the center piece by the pawl-andratchet mechanism described.

Having thus described my invention, I

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claim as new and desire to secure by Iietters Patentl. The combination of a tool-chuck having clamping-jaws, means for operating said jaws to cause a preliminary clamping of a tool, and means for setting the jaws finally and simultaneously rigidly locking the parts of the chuck, said means being operated by the means which eiect the preliminary clamping.

2. The combination of a tool-chuck having clamping-jaws, means for primarily setting said jaws, and automatic means for iinally setting the jaws and simultaneously locking the parts of the chuck to clamp a tool in iixed position.

3. The combination of a chuck, having clamping-jaws, a hand-ring, mechanism actuated by said hand-ring for setting the jaws primarily, and mechanism for iinally setting said jaws and simultaneously locking the parts also actuated by said hand-ring, said ring being turned in the same direction for both the preliminary and iinal setting of the jaws.

4. ln a tool-chuck, the combination of a center piece, jaws guided in said center piece and provided with lugs, an exterior conical sleeve having interior screw-threads adapted to engage the lugs on said jaws, an axiallyturning handle-ring adapted to engage said sleeve, and means for locking said sleeve after the final adjustment of the jaws.

5. In a tool-chuck, the combination of a center piece, jaws guided in said center piece and provided with lugs, an exterior conical sleeve having interior screw-threads adapted to engage the lugs on said jaws, an axially-` turning handle-ring adapted to engage said sleeve, and means disposed between said handle-ring, sleeve and center piece for locking the sleeve in position.

G'. In a tool-chuck, the combination of a center piece, jaws guided in said center piece and provided with lugs, a sleeve having interior screw-threads adapted to engage said lugs, an axially-turnin g handle-ring adapted to engage said sleeve, and a pawl-and-ratchet mechanism disposed between said handlering, sleeve and center piecefor locking said sleeve after the final setting of the jaws.

7. The combination of a center piece, having a conical front end,and a stationary collar at the rear end, j aws guided in inclined grooves of said center piece and provided with lugs at t-he rear ends, a conical sleeve having a cylindrical rear portion andan internal grooved thread engaging said lugs, a handle-ring extending around said rear portion, means for connecting the handle-ring and rear portion, spring-cushioned blocks guided in recesses of the center piece and a pawl-and-ratchet mechanism interposed between the rear portion and the center piece and adapted to lock the sleeve when the jaws are finally set to the tool to be clamped, substantially as set forth.

S. The combination of a center piece having a grooved conical front end and a stationary collar at the rear end, jaws guided in the grooves of said center piece and provided with lugs at their rear ends, a conical sleeve having a cylindrical rear portion and an in- "ternal grooved thread in the conical portion engaging the lugs on the jaws, a handle-ring extending around said rear portion, springcushioned blocks located in recesses of the center piece and acting on the sleeve and handle-ring, a lug at the interior of the handlering engaging a recess in the rear portion of the sleeve, inclined cam-faces at the rear end of said rear portion and front of the'handlering, and antifriction -balls interposed between said cam-faces, substantially as set forth.

9. The combination of a center piece having a grooved conical front end and a stationary guide-collar at the rear end, jaws guided in inclined grooves of said center piece and provided with lugs at their rear ends, a conical sleeve having a cylindrical rear portion and an internal grooved thread engaging said lugs, a handle-ring extending around said rear portion, means for connecting the handle-ring and rear portion, spring-cushioned blocks guided in recesses of the center piece and engaging said sleeve and handle-ring, a spring-pawl located in the rear portion of the sleeve, and adapted to engage ratchet-teeth in the circumference of the center piece .and spring-cushioned blocks, and means by which said spring-pawl is actuated by the handlerin g so as to lock the sleeve to the center piece when the jaws are set into their final clamping position, substantially as set forth.

l0. The combination of a center piece having a grooved conical front end and a stationary guide-collar at the rear end, jaws guided in inclined grooves of said center piece, a conical sleeve having a cylindrical rear portion, means for clamping the jaws to the tool to be held, a handle-ringrextending around the cylind rical rear portion of the sleeve, means for connecting the handle-ring and rear portion, spring-cushioned blocks located in recesses of the center piece and engaging the rear portion of the sleeve and the handle-ring respectively, cam-faces on the adjacent ends of said rear portion and handle-ring, antifrictionballs interposed between said cam-faces, and a pawl-and-ratchet mechanism interposed between the rear portion of the sleeve and the center piece and actuated by the handle-ring, so as to produce the locking of the sleeve and jaws when nally clamped to the tool to be held, substantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ERNEST I-I. VOGEL.

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